Error "An Authentication object was not found in the SecurityContext" in load runner
Some times in our application with the web-services,during recording of the application VUGen doesn't record the authentication object and while replaying the script you get the error An Authentication object was not found in the Security Context The reason for the SOAP fault is:
"An Authentication object was not found in the SecurityContext" As mentioned by above error, the application is mostly launched via a web-link where the run time jars / dlls are downloaded locally and application is launched. During launching itself the application takes the credentials from local system (your AD account details) and authenticates the user. In case of replaying this operation in VUGen this authentication information is not available, this can be done by sending the authentication information in the header before the first web-service request as shown below: Otherwise if your web service method has property for sending authentication object then you can do so in the request itself.
Posted by raviteja gorentla
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Labels: Controller, Errors in LoadRunner, ExtraStuff, General, Monitoring, Performance Testing, PerformanceCenter
How can we handle captcha in Load Runner?
CAPTCHA (an acronym for "Completely Automated Public Turing test to tell Computers and Humans Apart") is a type of challenge-response test used in computing to determine whether or not the user is human. The term was coined in 2003 by Luis von Ahn, Manuel Blum, Nicholas J. Hopper, and John Langford. The purpose of the CAPTCHA is to defeat the automation. CAPTCHA are based upon the turning test and as such the main purpose is to differentiate human from machine. Pattern recognition, vocal, visual (dynamic/static) has been broken several time. Much of the time it become a pain for the end-user, because they are a pain to decipher. Cultural reference or social pattern could be proven useful, achieve the same purpose and be less annoying for your customer
If you want to script the application which has CAPTCHA with the load runner you have to get the below things from the DEV.
To disable CAPTCHA validation
To make the CAPTCHA as static
To remove the CAPTCHA
To send the CAPTCHA value in server response(So that you can correlate)
Provide the CAPTCHA details which are comes in the data base sequentially.
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Labels: Analysis, Errors in LoadRunner, ExtraStuff, General, LoadRunner, Performance Testing, PerformanceCenter, Tips n Tricks, Vugen
Perceiver Monitoring tool
Perceiver is the new monitoring tool.This is introduced because Companies invest in enterprise applications and infrastructure to deliver optimal service to their end-user community. IT organizations are asked to manage more systems with fewer resources, while reducing costs. Performance Analysts and Capacity Planners are often asked to create volumes of custom charts and graphs for different audiences, instead of focusing on high value capacity planning and performance engineering responsibilities that provide a greater return on investment for the company.For this it is the best solution to use the BMC perceiver tool. KEY BENEFITS : User interface allows non-experts to easily access actionable data Ad hoc queries to track, view, and relate performance metrics to business applications Common interface for enterprisewide systems and applications Out-of-the-box value with BMC best practices view FEATURES : 1.Enhances decision-making capabilities by providing direct access to relevant performance data through a dynamic Web interface 2.Provides ad-hoc queries to track, view and relate detailed performance metrics to business applications 3.Increases the visibility and success of the performance organization by providing a consumer viewing tool for internal customers 4. Simplifies training and use via an easy-to-use web interface, eliminating the need for expert users and additional in-depth training 5. Maximizes the investment in BMC Performance Assurance by greatly increasing the number of direct users 6. Delivers out-of-the-box value with pre-loaded BMC Software Best Practice views including an online drag and drop editor for customization 7. Protects your performance investment by providing a performance viewing tool available across multiple platforms ABOUT BMC SOFTWARE BMC Software delivers the solutions: IT needs to increase business value through better management of technology and IT processes. Our industry-leading Business Service Management solutions help you reduce cost, lower risk of business disruption, and benefit from an IT infrastructure built to support business growth and flexibility. Only BMC provides best-practice IT processes, automated technology management, and award-winning BMC Atrium technologies that offer a shared view into how IT services support business priorities. Known for enterprise solutions that span mainframe, distributed systems, and enduser devices, BMC also delivers solutions that address the unique challenges of the midsized business. Founded in 1980, BMC has offices worldwide and fiscal 2008 revenues of $1.73 billion. Activate your business with the power of IT. www.bmc.com Source: http://discovery.bmc.com/
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Labels: Analysis, Controller, Errors in LoadRunner, ExtraStuff, General, LoadRunner, Manual Testing, Monitoring, Performance Testing,PerformanceCenter, Scripting, Tips n Tricks, Vugen
"HttpSendRequest" failed, Windows error code=12002 - Perf Center Error_load runner error
While running an internal application using the load runner Controller i was getting the "HttpSendRequest" failed, Windows error code=12002 - Perf Center Error .I solved these by following the below steps:
1.Check Vugen runs script as a process or running vusers asa thread?
You can check this in Run time settings-General-Miscellaneous-Multithreading then uncheck the value 2.Are you working with WinInet, and the error itself comes from WinInet API not specifically Vugen.We can see in part of the replay errors comes from resources during the replay where they were timed out.
If we are forced to use WinInet then this will occur, but if you can use Sockets you may want to try that option instead or a Click and Script protocol.
you can uncheck the WinInet replay instead of sockets (Windows only) in the runtime settings-preferences.This will solve the problem.
3.And the another option is to use web_set_max_retries ("X") to increase the limit of 30 sec.You can place this before the action which is failing but I wouldn't recommend that. HttpSendRequest time out only occurres when any transaction takes more than 30 sec to connect to server. This default 30 sec time is because of the use of WinInet Replay engine. Thus this error pops up when you are running script with winInet replay and transactions are taking more than 30 sec. Only thing to get rid of this error is to fine tune the whole system and check the backend and servers to see any request que has formed up.
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Labels: Errors in LoadRunner, ExtraStuff, General, LoadRunner, Performance Testing, Scripting, Tips n Tricks, Vugen
HTTP WATCH
Why do you need an HTTP Viewer or Sniffer? All web applications make extensive use of the HTTP protocol (or HTTPS for secure sites). Even simple web pages require the use of multiple HTTP requests to download HTML, graphics and javascript. The ability to view the HTTP interaction between the browser and web site is crucial to these areas of web development:
Trouble shooting
Performance tuning
Verifying that a site is secure and does not expose sensitive information
How can HttpWatch Help?
HttpWatch integrates with Internet Explorer and Firefox browsers to show you exactly what HTTP traffic is triggered when you access a web page. If you access a site that uses secure HTTPS connections, HttpWatch automatically displays the decrypted form of the network traffic. Conventional network monitoring tools just display low level data captured from the network. In contrast, HttpWatch has been optimized for displaying HTTP traffic and allows you to quickly see the values of headers, cookies, query strings . HttpWatch also supports non-interactive examination of HTTP data. When log files are saved, a complete record of the HTTP traffic is saved in a compact file. You can even examine log files that your customers and suppliers have recorded using the free Basic Edition.
Why HttpWatch? Seven reasons to use HttpWatch rather than other HTTP monitoring tools:
Easy to Use - start logging after just a couple of mouse clicks in Internet Explorer or Firefox. No other proxies, debuggers or network sniffers have to be configured
Productive - quickly see cookies, headers, POST data and query strings without having to manually decode raw HTTP packets
Robust - reliably log thousands of HTTP transactions for hours or days while tracking down intermittent problems
Accurate - HttpWatch has minimal impact on the normal interaction of the browser with a web site. No extra network hops are added, allowing you to measure real world HTTP performance
Flexible - HttpWatch only requires client-side installation and will work with any server side technology that renders HTML pages in Internet Explorer or Firefox. No special server-side permissions or configurations are required - ideal for use against production servers on the Internet or Intranet
Comprehensive - works with HTTP compression, redirection, SSL encryption & NTLM authentication. A complete automation interface provides access to recorded data and allows HttpWatch to be controlled from most popular programming languages.
Professional Support - updates and bug fixes are provided free of charge on our website and technical support is available by email, phone or fax.
Uses of HttpWatch:
Testing a web application to ensure that it is correctly issuing or setting headers that control page expiration
Finding out how other sites work and how they implement certain features
Checking the information that the browser is supplying when you visit a site
Verifying that a secure web site is not issuing sensitive data in cookies or headers
Tuning the performance of a web site by measuring download times, caching or the number of network round trips
Learning about how HTTP works (useful for programming and web design classes)
Alowing webmasters to fine tune the caching of images and other content
Performing regression testing on production servers to verify performance and correct behavior
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Labels: Controller, Errors in LoadRunner, ExtraStuff, General, JMeter, Monitoring, Performance Testing, Scripting, Tips n Tricks, Vugen
What is a HAR File and what is the use of HAR??
HAR stands for HTTP Archive.
This is a common format for recording HTTP tracing information. This file contains a variety of information, but for our purposes, it has a record of each object being loaded by a browser. Each of these objects’ timings is recorded. The HAR file format is still an evolving standard, and the information contained within is both flexible and extensible. You should expect the HAR file to include a breakdown of timings including:
how long it takes to fetch the DNS information
how long each object takes to be requested
how long it takes to connect to the server
how long it takes to transfer from the server to the browser of each object
whether the object is blocked or not
The data is stored as a JSON document and extracting meaning from the low level data is not always easy, but with practice, a HAR file can quickly help you identify the key performance problems with a web page, which in turn will help you efficiently target your development towards the areas that will deliver the greatest return on your efforts.
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lr_paramarr_random function in load runner
In performance testing, it is really important to simulate a realistic user path through an application. For example, randomly select an image link from a gallery or select a share from a share list. In such situations, you can use the LoadRunner lr_paramarr_randomfunction to select a random value from a captured parameter array. Similarly, you can also write a code to do the same. Before you use the above function, you will need to use web_reg_save_paramfunction to capture all the ordinal values. This can be achieved by passing "ORD=ALL" into the function. The following code demonstrates the use of lr_paramarr_random function. The code saves link Ids using web_reg_save_param function and then uses
Example: This example shows how to get a random value from a parameter array. char * FlightVal; web_reg_save_param("outFlightVal", "LB=outboundFlight value=", "RB=>", "ORD=ALL", "SaveLen=18", LAST ); web_submit_form("reservations.pl", "Snapshot=t4.inf", ITEMDATA, "Name=depart", "Value=London", ENDITEM, "Name=departDate", "Value=11/20/2003", ENDITEM, "Name=arrive", "Value=New York", ENDITEM, "Name=returnDate", "Value=11/21/2003", ENDITEM, "Name=numPassengers", "Value=1", ENDITEM, "Name=roundtrip", "Value=", ENDITEM, "Name=seatPref", "Value=None", ENDITEM, "Name=seatType", "Value=Coach", ENDITEM, "Name=findFlights.x", "Value=83", ENDITEM, "Name=findFlights.y", "Value=16", ENDITEM, LAST ); /* The result of the web_reg_save_param having been called before the web_submit_form is: Notify: Saving Parameter "outFlightVal_1 = 230;378;11/20/2003" Notify: Saving Parameter "outFlightVal_2 = 231;337;11/20/2003" Notify: Saving Parameter "outFlightVal_3 = 232;357;11/20/2003" Notify: Saving Parameter "outFlightVal_4 = 233;309;11/20/2003" Notify: Saving Parameter "outFlightVal_count = 4" */ FlightVal = lr_paramarr_random("outFlightVal");
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Labels: Errors in LoadRunner, ExtraStuff, General, LoadRunner, Performance Testing, PerformanceCenter, Tips n Tricks
Issues when creating Loadrunner scripts with the Java protocol
When writing a Loadrunner script that interacts with MQ, Websphere or Weblogic, as a scripter, you need to use the Java protocol. This is a bit of a nuisance for those of us who have become familiar with C programming language and can use it with our eyes shut. The question is often asked, why do I need to use Java? I want to use C. Java can take a long time to use and logically seems to work quite differently to C. Well, the answer is a little obvious (but only when you know the answer!) In order to develop Automation for MQ, Weblogic or Websphere, you often need to use the same libraries that the developers have used. The developers have often written the application in Java, and the supporting object libraries are the Java versions for the middleware products MQ, Weblogic and Websphere. In many cases, the Loadrunner automation is simulating a device which runs the Java application. This could be a desktop, laptop or a handheld terminal (HHT). The device contains a compiled version of the code. This code is executed on one of three circumstances: • The device is switched on and the operating system is configured to execute at start up • An input is received from the device such as barcode being scanned • A message is received from a middleware application such as MQ, Websphere or Weblogic When executing an automated test script with Vugen, Loadrunner always compiles the script first. With a Java script, this will create a compiled version of the application similar to that which in the real world is located on the desktop, laptop or a handheld terminal. The main difference between the Loadrunner script and the real application is that the Loadrunner script would normally be written to process a distinct business function, i.e. it would contain only a subset of the functionality of the real application. In order to compile the application, the Loadrunner scripter needs to have access to the same common java files as the developer, the so called JAR files. The JAR files need to be accessible to Loadrunner when it compiles. This is done by entering the information into the runtime settings. By specifying the location of the classpath files in the runtime settings, you are telling Loadrunner where to find the Classpath files so that compilation will work. While this seems straightforward, the way Loadrunner works with the compiler means that it detects the names of the Classpath files, but does not necessarily determine where they are. To get around this we can change the path statement on the environment variables for the machine running Vugen. This also does not always work. What should work is to physically place the JAR files in the Loadrunner directory of program files and set the Classpath statements accordingly. At this point your script will compile and any other errors after this are down to real coding issues.
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Client Interview Question in Load runner
1) How you will get the requirements? 2) What is the differences between running vuser as a process and thread ? 3) Which functions are used in scripting ? 4) Work flow process of the perormance testing? 5) Have you used in controller ? 6) How you design a scenario in controller ? 7) Have written any functions in scripting ? 8) What are the bottlenecks you found? 9) Have you using goal oriented scenario ? 10) Tell me your project end to end process? 11) Tell me about your experience project profile 12) Your LR rating in 1 to 10 scale 14) What is protocol? 15) What is a memory leak? 16) Define Heap Usage? 17) Your past experience how many users you have run the test? 18) What are the bottlenecks you have find the current project? Tell me two critical bottlenecks 19) What type recommendations given to the client or stakeholder? 20) What protocol you worked in fast experience? How to work with that web service protocol in your project. 21) You have any use the heart beat settings did you used in current project? 22) How work is handled in the team? 24) You have 10 URLs? How to test the URLs in in at a time LR (i am not understand the Question) 26) You have any used the custom functions in your project? 28) When memory reach 100%, then ideally what you will think? 30) What type of reports and documents you have prepared? Explain the summary report. 32) Tell me the LR server requirements? 34) What type of analysis did you used in your projects? Tell me few observations and what parameter u have captured? 36) What you have done the Pervious projects? Explain the last project 38) What are other options in correlation function and did u used in your project?
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Error: "License cannot be save in your installation directory. (Error code = -4) It will be used only for this session."
Solution:
Make sure that you have administrator privilege to the Controller. If you are accessing the Controller via the network, make sure that you have write access to the network.
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Error “License security violation. Operation is not allowed”
Solution:
If you are applying “TEMPORARY” license, it will not work if LoadRunner was previously installed with a “TEMPORARY” or valid license key. You need to contact HP Customer Support for a valid license key.
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Error “License key was generated with a version superior to your license manager. Upgrade your license manager”
Solution:
Make sure the HostID that was sent to HP Customer Support was generated from the correct LoadRunner version. If you sent the HostID of LoadRunner 7.6, but apply the license key on LoadRunner7.0 install, you will get this problem.
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Error: “Cannot install license information, probably access to system resource was denied”
Solution:
This error indicates that you need to log in with local administrator permission, since you installed the product with administrator permission. If you still get the error after login as local administrator, run setlicensepermissions.exe from the \bin directory to change the registry permissions
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Error: “License manager does not support objects of this type or license is invalid”
Verify the followings:
Check the properties of the license key. If you apply a license key that has components that does not come with that version of LoadRunner, you will get this error.
Example:Apply WAN emulation license (introduced in LoadRunner 7.6), or J2EE diagnostics (Introduced in LoadRunner 7.8 FP1) license on LoadRunner 7.5 Make sure that you are applying the license key on a machine where the license is generated for. In LoadRunner7.x, license keys are host lock. If you try to apply the license key on a separate machine, you will get this error.
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How do I identify the SSL protocols and certificates used by a website when testing with LoadRunner
Cause -Understanding the SSL Protocols and certificates used by a website. Solution -To identify the type of SSL and certs used on a web server, type the following commands from a Loadrunner client workstation :
Go to the Loadrunner/bin directory.
Type "openssl", this will then display an >openssl prompt.
Type "s_client - connect www.test.com:443" where test.com is your web site.
This will then return details of the web servers SSL configuration. Other usefull commands to use in LoadRunner Web protocol scripts are as follows: web_set_sockets_option("SHUTDOWN_MODE", "FAST");Allows the disconnection of the SSL session to be completed quickly. web_set_sockets_option("SSL_VERSION", "TLS"); web_set_sockets_option("SSL_CIPHER_LIST", "RC4-MD5");These options allow the version and cipher for SSL to be specified. Possible versions and ciphers are detailed in the Loadrunner Function Reference. web_set_sockets_option("TRACE_SSL_IO","1");This option will detail all SSL IO in the normal vuser log. web_set_sockets_option("PRINT_SSL_INFO","1");This option will detail the version and certificate used in the SSL configuration. web_set_sockets_option("PROXY_INITIAL_BASIC_AUTH","0");This option disables the initial Basic authentication.
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How do I generate a HostID for a LoadRunner license in load runner
For LoadRunner7.0 – 7.8 Feature Pack1:a. Bring up the Controller and go to Help - About LoadRunner b. Click on ‘License Info…’ and you will see the ‘Host ID’ on the screen. For LoadRunner8.0:a. Go to Start - Programs - LoadRunner - LoadRunner b. Click on the ‘License’ menu and you will see the ‘Host ID’ on the screen. Note: If for some reason you are not able to get to this screen, you can run licidgenerator.exe in \bin directory to generate Host-id
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How to verify the Vusers or Monitors that are currently licensed in load runner
How to verify license related information like Expiration dates, monitors purchased, and the number and type of Vusers. For LoadRunner7.0 – 7.8 Feature Pack1: a. Bring up the Controller and go to Help - About LoadRunner b. Click on ‘License Info…’ and you will see the License Information. For LoadRunner8.0: a. Go to Start - Programs - LoadRunner - LoadRunner b. Click on the ‘License’ menu and you will see the ‘Host ID’ on the screen.
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Bugzilla interview questions?
What is Bugzilla?Bugzilla is a bug tracking system developed at mozilla.org. How do enter a bug in Bugzilla?To enter a bug, through "Enter a new bug" link from the main Bugzilla page. This will take you to a product selection screen. What happens once enter a bug?After you enter a bug, mail is sent both to you and the QA department. A member of the QA department will verify that they can reproduce your bug. How do search a bug?To search a bug, through "Query" link from the main Bugzilla page.
How do submit a patch?The new Bugzilla system supports the attachment of patches, test cases, and various other forms of file types directly from the bug report screen. Just click on "Create an attachment" Are cookies required in Bugzilla?Yes. How can you view your assigned bugs?We can view the assigned bugs though “My Bugs” link. How can you generate bug report?We can generate bug report through “Report” link. When Bugzilla was released?Bugzilla was released in 1998. Which language was written Bugzilla first time?Bugzilla was originally written in "TCL". Who developed the Bugzilla?Terry Weissman
Which language Bugzilla written?"Perl" What are the Bugzilla fields?Bugzilla have 11 fields like- (1)Product (2)Component (3)Version (4)Platform (5)OS (6)Priority (7)Severity (8)Assigned To (9)URL (10)Summary (11)Description
How can you edit your account in Bugzilla?We can use "User Preferences" link. How can you add new Product in Bugzilla?We can use "Product" link for adding new product. How can you add Components of product in Bugzilla?We can use "Components" link for adding components in Bugzilla. How can edit version of any product in Bugzilla?We can use "Edit Versions" link.
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Labels: Errors in LoadRunner, ExtraStuff, General, LoadRunner, Performance Testing, PerformanceCenter, Scripting, Tips n Tricks, Vugen
"Memory violation error "in Load Runner
Reasons for this:
C pointer errors,C programming invalid declarations
Memory full
Not enough Memory for what you need to place in a defined space
Memory not yet allocated before attempting to use it
Memory allocated but not deallocated
Trying to copy a non pointer version of a datatype to a pointer defined version of a datatype, such as copying a character array to a pointer to a character array
Generally unless you have a hardware issue this is a developer error
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Run Vugen from command prompt in load runner
Run Vugen from command prompt Here is the command to run vugen from the command prompt 1. Go to where the Vugen is installed and navigate to the 'bin' folder
C:\Program Files\HP\Virtual User Generator\bin 2. Run the following command there
mmdrv.exe -usr [Full path of the script name.usr]
